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  1. Clauses

Abstract article references

PreviousClause versioningNextAdvanced multi-language features

Last updated 1 year ago

Clause9 allows you to easily create automatic to other parts of your document. However, there are a few situations when you want to refer in an abstract way to an “article” or “section” of your document. Examples:

The buyer shall buy the assets in the manner set forth in the articles above.

or

The articles of this contract shall be construed in accordance with …

You may be tempted to hard-code the word “articles” here. However, this may impede reusability, as some lawyers will want to use the word “section”, “paragraph”, or perhaps an abbreviation such as “art.”, or perhaps a word that always has a starting capital.

Clause9 allows you to instead use a special expression, that will output in accordance with the styling settings found under “References”.

The special expression essentially consists of the word “article” (for singular) or “articles” (for plural), but actually depends on the language:

Language
Singular
Plural

Bulgarian

__клауза_

__клаузи_

Czech

_bod_

_body_

Danish

_klausul_

_klausuler_

Dutch

_artikel_

_artikels_

English

_article_

_articles_

Estonian

_klausel_

_klauslid_

Finnish

_lauseke_

_lausekkeet_

French

_article_

_articles_

German

_artikel_

_artikeln_

Hungarian

_záradék_

_záradékok_

Italian

_clausola_

_clausole_

Latvian

_klauzula_

_klauzulas_

Lithuanian

_straipsnis_

_straipsniai_

Norwegian

_klausulen_

_klausulene_

Polish

_klauzula_

_klauzule_

Portuguese

_cláusula_

_cláusulas_

Romanian

_clauza_

_clauzele_

Russian

_пункт_

_пункты_

Slovak

_doložka_

_doložky_

Slovenian

_klavzula_

_klavzuli_

Spanish

_cláusula_

_cláusulas_

Swedish

_klausul_

_klausulerna_

By default, the word will be outputted with a defined article (no pun intended), but this can be modulated in the same way as concepts. For example, for English, assuming the styling setting is set to “Section”:

  • default: _article_ is outputted as “the section”, while _articles_ is outputted as “the sections”

  • omitting: _-article_ is outputted as “section”, while _-articles_ is outputted as “sections”

  • undefined: _?article_ is outputted as “a section”, while _?articles°_ is outputted as “sections”

  • this: _°article_ is outputted as “this section”, while _°articles_ is outputted as “these sections”

For the sake of consistency or clarity, you can also use _+article_ or _+articles_, but it will have exactly the same output as the default _article_ / _articles_.

Caveat

The _article_ expression can be useful in a few very specific circumstances. However, its use cases are actually fairly limited:

  • Please do not use it to refer to articles/sections/clauses of external material, such as legislation, as the word that will be outputted will then change in accordance with a user’s styling preferences.

    For example, European Directives and Regulations are typically numbered as “articles”. If you need to refer to the part of the EU General Data Protection Regulation that lists all the definition, please do not say ... as defined in _-article 4_ of the GPDR ..., as this could get outputted as “… as defined in Section 4 of the GDPR”, depending on a user’s styling preferences. This is one of the few areas where you really need to hard-code your reference, by simply stating .... as defined in article 4 of the GDPR...

Please do not use it to hard-code references to other parts of your document — e.g. when you would be tempted to write ... as set forth in _-article_ 13.5 to refer to some article 13.5 in your document, you will almost certainly want to use instead.

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